Key Concepts

Key Concepts

  • Winds cause ocean surface waves.
  • Ocean currents are convection cells in the seawater. They are driven by wind (atmospheric convection) at the surface, but deeper currents are influenced by the differential heating of seawater from solar energy, resulting in temperature and salinity differences.
  • Tides are caused by the pull of the Moon and the Sun on Earth’s bodies of water.
  • As Earth rotates on its axis, the Moon exerts a gravitational pull on Earth. Inertia acts as a counterbalance to the gravitational forces. Gravity and inertia are responsible for the creation of two ocean tidal bulges on opposite sides of Earth.