Video Presentation Notes-2

Digestive System

Digestion - breaking down of foods

Enzymes - speed up digestion

Absorption - nutrients pass through the lining of your digestive system

Peristalsis - muscle contraction pushing food through

Functions:

Digestion

Elimination

Absorption

Digestive path - mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus

Function of bile - breaks large fat droplets down into smaller ones

Keeping Your Digestive System Healthy

Steps to avoid digestive health issues:

  1. consume fiber
  2. limit fatty foods
  3. eat moderately
  4. plan meals ahead of time
  5. drink water
  6. exercise regularly

foodborne illness - eating food or drink that contains poison or disease causing microbes

Three Ways of Transmission:

  1. eating raw meat
  2. raw food touches cooked food
  3. prepare food and touch utensils, mouth etc.

Food Preparation/Storage:

  1. Cook
  2. Separate
  3. Chill
  4. Clean

Cross contamination - spread of microorganisms from one food to another

Excretory System:

Excretion - body collects and removes waste

Organs involved:

  1. liver
  2. lungs
  3. skin
  4. kidneys
  5. Ureter
  6. Bladder
  7. Urethra

Liver - converts impurities to less harmful substances (urea)

Lungs/Skin - lungs remove Co2, skin removes urea and water via sweat

Kidneys - filter urea and other wastes - wastes are excreted as urine

Urine - urea and other wastes in fluid form

Filtration of Wastes:
nephrons - tiny filtering units that release urine

Process of Release:

  1. Filtered from the blood
  2. Materials of need are sent back to the blood
  3. Wastes are eliminated

Filtration - blood enters the kidneys where it reaches a cluster of small blood vessels called the glomerulus where water is filtered.

Formation of Urine:

  • Filtration.
  • Reabsorption.
  • Regulated reabsorption, in which hormones control the rate of transport of sodium and water depending on systemic conditions, takes place in the distal tubule and collecting duct.
  • Secretion.
  • Excretion.

 

Keeping Healthy:

  1. Drink water
  2. Treat infections
  3. Prevent kidney stones
  4. Treat kidney Failure

Dialysis - a machine is used to filter wastes from your body - tubes carry blood from the body to a machine to be filtered out (excess waste and water)